| 语句 | 语法 |
|---|---|
| AND / OR | SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE condition AND |
| ALTER TABLE (add column) | ALTER TABLE table_name ADD column_name datatype |
| ALTER TABLE (drop column) | ALTER TABLE table_name DROP COLUMN column_name |
| AS (alias for column) | SELECT column_name AS column_alias FROM table_name |
| AS (alias for table) | SELECT column_name FROM table_nameAS table_alias |
| BETWEEN | SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE column_name BETWEEN value1 AND value2 |
| CREATE DATABASE | CREATE DATABASE database_name |
| CREATE INDEX | CREATE INDEX index_name ON table_name (column_name) |
| CREATE TABLE | CREATE TABLE table_name ( column_name1 data_type, column_name2 data_type, ....... ) |
| CREATE UNIQUE INDEX | CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name ON table_name (column_name) |
| CREATE VIEW | CREATE VIEW view_name AS SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE condition |
| DELETE FROM | DELETE FROM table_name (**Note: ** Deletes the entire table!!)orDELETE FROM table_name WHERE condition |
| DROP DATABASE | DROP DATABASE database_name |
| DROP INDEX | DROP INDEX table_name.index_name |
| DROP TABLE | DROP TABLE table_name |
| GROUP BY | SELECT column_name1,SUM(column_name2) FROM table_name GROUP BY column_name1 |
| HAVING | SELECT column_name1,SUM(column_name2) FROM table_name GROUP BY column_name1 HAVING SUM(column_name2) condition value |
| IN | SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE column_name IN (value1,value2,..) |
| INSERT INTO | INSERT INTO table_name VALUES (value1, value2,....)orINSERT INTO table_name (column_name1, column_name2,...) VALUES (value1, value2,....) |
| LIKE | SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE column_name LIKE pattern |
| ORDER BY | SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name ORDER BY column_name [ASC |
| SELECT | SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name |
| SELECT * | SELECT * FROM table_name |
| SELECT DISTINCT | SELECT DISTINCT column_name(s) FROM table_name |
| SELECT INTO (used to create backup copies of tables) |
SELECT* INTO new_table_name FROM original_table_nameorSELECT column_name(s) INTO new_table_name FROM original_table_name |
| TRUNCATE TABLE (deletes only the data inside the table) |
TRUNCATE TABLE table_name |
| UPDATE | UPDATE table_name SET column_name=new_value [, column_name=new_value] WHERE column_name=some_value |
| WHERE | SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name WHERE condition |
下一节：SQL (Structured Query Language：结构化查询语言) 是用于访问和处理数据库的标准的计算机语言。SQL 的范围包括数据插入、查询、更新和删除，数据库模式创建和修改，以及数据访问控制。